Throwing phases

A throwing technique is divided into different phases. These phases merge smoothly into each other and are usually in the implementation of the technique not clearly separated. The opinions, how many phases are present or in part, the order diverge. Here are four phases are presented:

Kuzushi – breaking equilibrium
Tsukuri – throwing preparation, throw entrance
Kake – throw execution
Nage – the fall of Uke

These four phases merge during an execution into a single lightning fast and harmonic motion.

There are other views that e.g. Tsukuri is the general preparation of the throw and includes eg push or pull of TORI in a certain direction and that it represents the first phase of throwing. I represent the view, that any throwing technique begins with breaking balance of UKE and after this the appropriate preparation for execution of the throw follows.

It is also frequently the opinion of the last phase; Nage (The end phase of UKE´s fall) is actually not an extra throwing phase. I see this differently, however, because dropping UKE, there is an appropriate response from TORI required. TORI controls the fall of UKE to prevent injury. It is also extremely useful for TORI to accompany the fall of UKE. Especially in competition, if the throwing technique is not for immediate victory (Ippon) TORI often has to go over into a ground position to control UKE (pinning technique, strangulation or armlock).

During the execution of throwing techniques the laws of physics play a significant role. Whether it is the lever laws, static, or even the torque, while all phases of the execution they are always present. The knowledge of these physical principles make it easier for the judoka to perfect his technique.